java异常处理
这里简单说一下,我在书中看到的关于java异常的处理。
建议将try/catch和try/finally代码进行解耦,这样可以提高代码的清晰度。例如:
SRE实战 互联网时代守护先锋,助力企业售后服务体系运筹帷幄!一键直达领取阿里云限量特价优惠。InputStream in = ...; try { try { // code that might throw exceptions } finally { in.close(); } } catch (IOException e) { // show error message }
如果觉得上面写法嵌套太多,可以考虑改为如下:
public class Handler { public boolean ReadData(String fileName) { try { return readDataImpl(fileName); } catch (IOException e) { // show error message } } private boolean readDataImpl(String fileName) throws IOException { InputStream in = ...; try { // code that might throw exceptions } finally { in.close(); } }
}
如果对异常的处理模块一致的话,可以考虑重构一下上述的代码, 写成类似于下面的形式:
public class Handler { public boolean ReadData(String fileName) { return manip(fileName->this.readDataImpl(fileName), fileName); } private boolean manip(Predicate<String> func, String fileName) { try { return func.test(fileName); } catch (IOException e) { // show error message } } private boolean readDataImpl(String fileName) throws IOException { InputStream in = ...; try { // code that might throw exceptions } finally { in.close(); } } }
上面的ReadData的实现,使用了java8的lambda表达式。
上述写法,在close函数抛出异常的情况下,会将原先的异常丢失,为了防止出现上述问题,可以考虑使用如下的代码形式:
InputStream in = ...; Exception ex = null; try { try { // code that might throw exceptions } catch (Exception e) { ex = e; throw e; } } finally { try { in.close(); } catch (Exception e) { if (ex == null) throw e; } }
从java7开始,可以使用带资源的try语句(try-with-resources), 使用方式如下:
public class Handler { public boolean ReadData(String fileName) { return manip(fileName->this.readDataImpl(fileName), fileName); } private boolean manip(Predicate<String> func, String fileName) { try { return func.test(fileName); } catch (IOException e) { // show error message } } private boolean readDataImpl(String fileName) throws IOException {
try (InputStream in = ...) { // code that might throw exceptions } } }
这样就可以保证异常可以处理,而且实现代码和异常处理代码基本分离。
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